Primeiro veio o fogo, depois a água. Esta aldeia na Grécia perdeu a esperança

Sesklo, uma aldeia com cerca de 800 habitantes que alberga uma das mais antigas povoações pré-históricas da Europa, tem sobrevivido a catástrofes naturais ao longo dos séculos. Nunca como este ano.

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Vasilis Tsiamitas, 46, holds his youngest son, Michalis Tsiamitas, 2, while they light candles in the local church, at a celebration of the village's holy icon that some believe averted further damage during a recent fire, in the village of Sesklo, Greece, November 7, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "God only knows how I will get past this," said Tsiamitas. "What else could hit me? It can't get any worse." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Vasilis Tsiamitas' family and friends help clean his house after flooding caused by Storm Elias in the village of Sesklo, Greece, September 29, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "God only knows how I will get past this," said Tsiamitas, standing outside his two-storey family house. "What else could hit me? It can't get any worse." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Vasilis Tsiamitas, 46, inspects damage at his beach bar in Chrissi Akti, also known as Golden Beach, near the village of Sesklo, Greece, September 29, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "God only knows how I will get past this," said Tsiamitas. "What else could hit me? It can't get any worse." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Vasilis Tsiamitas, 46, looks at the burned crop from his almond trees in the village of Sesklo, Greece, September 29, 2023. Storm Elias flooded his house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "We should learn our lesson," Tsiamitas said, looking at stumps of burnt almond trees. "We need to uproot them ... we need to plant them again. Again and again, we need to start everything from scratch." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Burned trees stand outside Saint John's church in the village of Sesklo, Greece, October 5, 2023. Fierce storms and floods have become more frequent in recent years while rising temperatures make summers hotter and drier, creating tinder-box conditions for wildfires. Muddy roads and household furniture piled out to dry in villages across the central mainland region of Thessaly, are a constant reminder of the steps Greece needs to take as it adapts to climate change to mitigate the impact of such freak weather events.  REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Olives picked from a poor crop are gathered in Vasilis Tsiamitas' grove, in the village of Sesklo, Greece, November 7, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. During the fire, Sesklo residents were evacuated in time but the flames, fanned by strong winds, burned through farmland and groves, destroying approximately 70 per cent of the village's almond and olive oil production, said Tsiamitas. REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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A bulldozer operates outside the house of Vasilis Tsiamitas, 46, as he holds his son Andreas Tsiamitas, 4, in Sesklo, Greece, October 6, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "God only knows how I will get past this," said Tsiamitas, standing outside his two-storey family house. "What else could hit me? It can't get any worse." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Paraskevi Gareli, 58, feeds her grandson Michalis Tsiamitas, 2, in the village of Sesklo, Greece, November 7, 2023. Fierce storms and floods have become more frequent in recent years while rising temperatures make summers hotter and drier, creating tinder-box conditions for wildfires. Muddy roads and household furniture piled out to dry in villages across the central mainland region of Thessaly, are a constant reminder of the steps Greece needs to take as it adapts to climate change to mitigate the impact of such freak weather events.  REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Michalis Tsiamitas, 2, hides behind laundry at his house in the village of Sesklo, Greece, November 7, 2023. Fierce storms and floods have become more frequent in recent years while rising temperatures make summers hotter and drier, creating tinder-box conditions for wildfires. Muddy roads and household furniture piled out to dry in villages across the central mainland region of Thessaly, are a constant reminder of the steps Greece needs to take as it adapts to climate change to mitigate the impact of such freak weather events.  REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI
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Debris is scattered in front of 46-year-old Vasilis Tsiamitas' house after flooding caused by Storm Elias, in the village of Sesklo, Greece, September 29, 2023. Storm Elias flooded Tsiamitas' house, damaged his beach bar and swept away his car in September, finishing off what was left weeks earlier by storm Daniel, Greece's most intense on record, and a July wildfire that scorched his family almond grove. "God only knows how I will get past this," said Tsiamitas, standing outside his two-storey family house. "What else could hit me? It can't get any worse." REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki SEARCH "GOULIAMAKI GREECE DISASTERS" FOR THIS STORY. SEARCH "WIDER IMAGE" FOR ALL STORIES. TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY Reuters/LOUISA GOULIAMAKI

Primeiro foram os incêndios. Depois as inundações. Na pequena aldeia de Sesklo, no centro da Grécia, Vasilis Tsiamitas, de 46 anos, sentiu na pele os extremos dos dois fenómenos meteorológicos que, neste Verão, fizeram da Grécia um ponto de referência das alterações climáticas.

A tempestade Elias inundou a sua casa, danificou o seu bar de praia e arrastou o seu carro em Setembro, terminando o que tinha sido deixado semanas antes pela tempestade Daniel, a mais intensa de que há registo na Grécia, e por um incêndio florestal em Julho que queimou o amendoal da sua família.

"Só Deus sabe como vou ultrapassar isto", disse Tsiamitas à porta da sua casa de dois andares. A porta da frente está fora das dobradiças, encostada a uma parede ao lado de tábuas de madeira encharcadas pelas águas das cheias. "Que mais me pode atingir? Não pode ficar pior", diz.

As fortes tempestades e inundações tornaram-se mais frequentes nos últimos anos, ao mesmo tempo que o aumento das temperaturas torna os Verões mais quentes e secos, criando condições propícias aos incêndios florestais.

As estradas enlameadas e os móveis de casa empilhados, para secar, nas ruas das aldeias da região central da Tessália são um lembrete constante das medidas que a Grécia tem de tomar para se adaptar às alterações climáticas e atenuar o impacto destes fenómenos meteorológicos.

Sesklo, uma aldeia com cerca de 800 habitantes perto da cidade portuária de Volos e que alberga uma das mais antigas povoações pré-históricas da Europa, tem sobrevivido a catástrofes naturais ao longo dos séculos. Mas os seus residentes mais velhos, diz Tsiamitas, nunca experimentaram nada como a devastação deste ano.

"É a primeira vez que a nossa aldeia é tão afectada", confirma Tsiamitas, que é também o líder da comunidade local. "Temos pessoas idosas sentadas na praça da aldeia, com 95 ou 90 anos de idade, que nunca passaram por uma situação destas".

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Vasilis Tsiamitas, 46 anos, olha para a colheita queimada das suas amendoeiras na aldeia de Sesklo, Grécia. REUTERS/Louisa Gouliamaki

Começar do zero

O incêndio que deflagrou em Julho esteve a arder sem controlo durante pelo menos dois dias. Os habitantes de Sesklo foram retirados da aldeia a tempo, mas as chamas, alimentadas por ventos fortes, arderam em terrenos agrícolas e pomares, destruindo cerca de 70% da produção de amêndoas e azeite da aldeia, contabiliza Tsiamitas. "As condições meteorológicas eram muito más, o vento, não havia humidade nesse dia, o fogo avançava rapidamente. Não havia tempo suficiente para fazer nada", recorda.

No início de Setembro, a tempestade Daniel atingiu a Tessália após a mais longa vaga de calor registada na Grécia em mais de 30 anos. Matou 16 pessoas e transformou a região num mar interior, destruindo casas e quintas e arrasando vastas áreas de cultivo.

Tsiamitas, cujo bar de praia foi inundado, nota que a maioria dos residentes de Sesklo não foi tão afectada pela tempestade como outras pessoas na região. Mas o seu sentimento de alívio foi de curta duração. Semanas depois, Elias, uma tempestade menos intensa mas inesperada, foi a gota de água.

Um incêndio florestal arde em Sesklo, no centro da Grécia, a 26 de julho de 2023 REUTERS/Alexandros Avramidis
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Um incêndio florestal arde em Sesklo, no centro da Grécia, a 26 de julho de 2023 REUTERS/Alexandros Avramidis

Tsiamitas conta que tinha o filho mais novo nos braços quando uma torrente furiosa lhe abriu a porta da frente, obrigando-o a correr para cima, onde vivem os sogros. Desde então, a água baixou, revelando a devastação que aldeias como Sesklo sofreram.

"Devíamos aprender a lição", disse Tsiamitas, olhando para os cepos de amendoeiras queimadas. "Temos de as arrancar... temos de as plantar de novo. Uma e outra vez, temos de começar tudo do zero."